New HP
Select Language
Number of visitors Since 2009
Today : 241
Yesterday : 582
This Month : 37621
Total : 2694164
Average : 664
Who am I ?
Yasuhiro's photo
Yasuhiro2-Nov11-09
Conferences & Workshop
My google scholar page
TAG index
ResercherID: Y.Hatsugai
Project
Main Menu

Web articles - 幾何学的位相

幾何学的位相

Category : 
Research Topics  » Berry connection
Author : 
hatsugai 2009/11/25 18:21

まず、量子力学ならび量子力学に従う物理系においては複素数が本質的であり複素数は絶対値と位相に分けられることに注意しましょう。これだけわかれば、量子力学での位相の効果のどうしても取り除けない「本質的」部分が「幾何学的位相」であると言えます。

 技術的には量子系における記述はある空間での演算子並びにある基底によるその行列要素を用いてなされます。そこでは種々の基底変換の自由度があり、それ に対応して複素量としての行列要素は変更を受けることに注意しましょう。この基底変換の自由度は完全に自由ですが、実際の量子系における古典的対応物のある物理現象はこの任 意の変換の自由度に影響を受けることは決してなく、不変な形で表現されなければなりません。数学的にはここでの(基底)変換に対応してある種のゲージ変換 が引き起こされることになるのですが、物理量はこのゲージ変換に対して不変であるというわけです。簡単な多くの場合、基底変換は行列要素の複素数としての 位相の変化をもたらします。古い量子力学の教科書等ではこの基底変換に伴って起こる位相変化は意味がないとの記述すらある1のです が、波動関数の位相なら何でもゲージ変換で完全に消去できるわけではなく、一見この勝手に変化する位相のなかにも決して無視できない物理的意義を持つ (少し拡張した意味で「ゲージ不変な」)ものがあり、それらを称して幾何学的位相と呼ぶのです。物性論における重要な概念である「量子力学的揺らぎ」、「量子干渉効果」その他、 いわゆる「量子効果」は最終的にはこの幾何学的位相として理解されることが多いのです。
この幾何学的位相が重要な寄与をする物理現象の典型例としては量子ホール効果、ベリー位相、アハロノフ・ボーム効果、分数統計粒子系などがあげられます。

1. Shiff, Quantum Mechanics

Trackback

Trackback url http://rhodia.ph.tsukuba.ac.jp/~hatsugai/modules/d3blog/tb.php/14
Mobile device User
Current time
Year 2013
A HAPPY NEW YEAR 2020, -57 days left this year !
Recent News
Poster : hatsugai on 2020-11-03 10:00:50 (298 reads)

Thouless' (adiabatic) pump in one-dimension is a typical topological phenomena characterized by the Chern number that correspondes to the quantized motion of the center of mass (COM). Although the COM is only well-defined with boudary (to set the origin of the coordinate), the COM experimentally observed is given by the bulk and the edge states do not contribute. Ultimate adiabaticity, that has never been achieved experimentaly, supports the quantization of the COM supplemented by the periodicity of the system with boundaries. This is the unique bulk-edge correspondence of the pump. We here propose a generic construction using a phase boundary line of the symmetry protect phase with two parameters works as a topological obstruction of the pump in extended parameter space. The construction is purely of manybody and the interaction can be one of the parameters. Have a look at "Interaction-induced topological charge pump" by Yoshihito Kuno and Yasuhiro Hatsugai, Phys. Rev. Research 2, 042024(R), (2020) (Open access)


Poster : hatsugai on 2020-10-28 10:28:43 (470 reads)

The Dirac cone is a typical singular energy dispersion in two dimensions that is a source of various non-trivial topological effects. When realized in real/synthetic materials, it is generically tilted and the equi-energy surface (curve) can be elliptic/hyperbolic (type I/II). The type III Dirac cone is a critical situation between the type I and II that potentially causes various non-trivial physics. As for realization of the type III Dirac cones, we are proposing a generic theoretical scheme without any fine tuning of material parameters . It may also help to synthesize in meta materials. The molecular orbital (MO) construction of the generic flat bands which we are also proposing plays a crutial role. Have a look at "Type-III Dirac Cones from Degenerate Directionally Flat Bands: Viewpoint from Molecular-Orbital Representation" by Tomonari Mizoguchi and Yasuhiro Hatsugai, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 89, 103704 (2020) Also arXiv:2007.14643. The paper has been selected as an Editors' choice of J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (Sep. 2020). See also "News and comments" by Prof. N. Nagaosa.


Poster : hatsugai on 2020-10-01 16:07:56 (556 reads)

Motivated by a historical example, the Dirac Hamiltonian as a square-root of the Klein-Gordon Hamiltonian, its lattice analogue has been discussed recently. Zero energy states are shared by the parent and its descendant. The story is more than that. Not necessarily zero energy but its high energy part can also share topological characters. We hereby propose a “square-root higher order topological insulator (square-root HOTI)” when its squared parent is HOTI. Based on the simple observation that square of the decorated honeycomb lattice is given by a decoupled sum of the Kagome and honeycomb lattices, we have demonstrate that the “corner states” of the breezing Kagome lattice with boundaries share topological characters with its descendant as the decorated honeycomb lattice. Have a look at our recent paper just published online, "Square-root higher-order topological insulator on a decorated honeycomb lattice" by Tomonari Mizoguchi, Yoshihito Kuno, and Yasuhiro Hatsugai, Phys. Rev. A 102, 033527 (2020), also arXiv:2004.03235.


Poster : hatsugai on 2020-09-17 11:42:01 (372 reads)

As for a topological characterization of a full Liouvillian (including jump term) for the non hermitian fractional quantum Hall states, we are proposing a pseudospin Chern number associated with the Niu-Thouless-Wu type twists in the doubled Hilbert space. Numerical demonstration of the proposal is explicitely given and its validity is discussed. Have a look at "Fate of fractional quantum Hall states in open quantum systems: Characterization of correlated topological states for the full Liouvillian" by Tsuneya Yoshida, Koji Kudo, Hosho Katsura, and Yasuhiro Hatsugai, Phys. Rev. Research 2, 033428 (2020) (open access).


Poster : hatsugai on 2020-08-16 14:53:28 (606 reads)

Adiabatic deformation of gapped systems is a conceptual basis of topological phases. It implies that topological invariants of the bulk described by the Berry connection work as topological order parameters of the phase. This is independent of the well-established symmetry breaking scenario of the phase characterization. Adiabatic heuristic argument for the fractional quantum Hall states is one of the oldest such trials that states the "FRACTIONAL" state is deformed to the “INTEGER”. Although it is intuitive and physically quite natural, there exist several difficulties. How the states with different degeneracy are deformed each other adiabatically? We have clarified the questions and demonstrated this adiabatic deformation on a torus in the paper "Adiabatic heuristic principle on a torus and generalized Streda formula" by Koji Kudo and Yasuhiro Hatsugai , Phys. Rev. B 102, 125108 (2020) (also arXiv:2004.00859) What is deformed continuously is a gap not the states ! This is also sufficient for the topological stability of the Chern number (of the degenerate multiplet) as a topological order parameter. Have a look at.


    Search
    Bulk-edge correspondence
    [0] バルクとエッジ
    [1] Focus lecture
    [2] Original papers
    [3] Japanese Physical Society monthly issue Commentary (Only Japanese except abstract) [pdf]
    [4] "Band gap, dangling bond and spin : a physicist's viewpoint" [pdf]
    Topological phases
    [0]Historical project
    KAKEN-HI DB FY1992 : Topological effects in electronic/spin systems
    KAKEN-HI DB FY1994 : Topology & geometrical phases in condensed matter physics
    Some of my talk files
    [1] MIT, Boston (2003)
    [2] APS/JPS March Meeting (2004)
    [3] JPS Fall meeting, JAPAN (2004)
    [4] APS/JPS March meeting (2005)
    [5] JPS Fall meeting (2005):Entanglement
    [6] Superclean workshop, Nasu (2006)
    [7] MPIPKS, Dresden (2006)
    [8] KEK, Tsukuba (2007)
    [9] ETH, Zurich (2008)
    [10] ICREA, Sant Benet (2009)
    [11] JPS Meeting, Kumamoto (2009)
    [12]HMF19, Fukuoka (2010)
    [13] NTU, Singapore (2011)
    [14] ICTP, Trieste (2011)
    [15] Villa conf., Orland (2012)
    Article Category list
    recent update
    To Web articles's top
    Article archive